std::filesystem::path::extension

Returns the extension of the filename component of the generic-format view of *this.

If the filename() component of the generic-format path contains a period (.), and is not one of the special filesystem elements dot or dot-dot, then the extension

If the first character in the filename is a period, that period is ignored (a filename like ".profile" is not treated as an extension).

If the pathname is either . or .., or if filename() does not contain the '.'

Additional behavior may be defined by the implementations for file systems which append additional elements (such as alternate data streams or partitioned dataset names) to extensions.

Parameters

(none)

Return value

The extension of the current pathname or an empty path if there's no extension.

Exceptions

May throw implementation-defined exceptions.

Notes

The extension as returned by this function includes a period to make it possible to distinguish the file that ends with a period (function returns ".") from a file with no extension (function returns ""

On a non-POSIX system, it is possible that p.stem ( ) + p.extension ( ) ! = p.filename ( )

Example

#include <filesystem>
#include <iostream>
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
 
int main()
{
    std::cout << fs::path("/foo/bar.txt").extension() << '\n'
              << fs::path("/foo/bar.").extension() << '\n'
              << fs::path("/foo/bar").extension() << '\n'
              << fs::path("/foo/bar.txt/bar.cc").extension() << '\n'
              << fs::path("/foo/bar.txt/bar.").extension() << '\n'
              << fs::path("/foo/bar.txt/bar").extension() << '\n'
              << fs::path("/foo/.").extension() << '\n'
              << fs::path("/foo/..").extension() << '\n'
              << fs::path("/foo/.hidden").extension() << '\n'
              << fs::path("/foo/..bar").extension() << '\n';
}

".txt"
"."
""
".cc"
"."
""
""
""
""
".bar"

See also